In the last Unit, we studied the declension and usage of the pronouns ‘ta’ and ‘eta’. Let us learn two more pronouns which can be used as personal as well as demonstrative pronouns. These are – ima and amu.

Let us study the declension of these pronouns in all the genders and then translate a few sentences from the Suttas, containing various declined forms of these pronouns.

Declension of pronoun ‘ima

ima = this

Masculine forms

Case Singular Plural
Paṭhamā ayaṃ ime
Dutiyā imaṃ ime
Tatiyā anena, iminā ehi, ebhi, imehi, imebhi
Catutthī assa, imassa esaṃ, esānaṃ, imesaṃ, imesānaṃ
Pañcamī asmā, imasmā, imamhā ehi, ebhi, imehi, imebhi
Chaṭṭhī assa, imassa esaṃ, esānaṃ, imesaṃ, imesānaṃ
Sattamī asmiṃ, imasmiṃ, imamhi esu, imesu

 

Neuter forms

Case Singular Plural
Paṭhamā idaṃ, imaṃ ime, imāni
Dutiyā idaṃ, imaṃ ime, imāni
The declension of neuter pronoun ‘ima’ is similar to that of masculine pronoun ‘ima’ for Instrumental to Locative cases.

 

Feminine form

Case Singular Plural
Paṭhamā ayaṃ imā, imāyo
Dutiyā imaṃ imā, imāyo
Tatiyā imāya imāhi, imābhi
Catutthī assā, assāya, imāya, imissā, imissāya imāsaṃ, imāsānaṃ
Pañcamī imāya imāhi, imābhi
Chaṭṭhī assā, assāya, imāya, imissā, imissāya imāsaṃ, imāsānaṃ
Sattamī assaṃ, imāyaṃ, imissaṃ imāsu


Declension of pronoun ‘amu

amu = that, such and such

Masculine forms

Case Singular Plural
Paṭhamā asu, amuko amū, amuyo
Dutiyā amuṃ amū, amuyo
Tatiyā amunā amūhi, amūbhi
Catutthī amussa amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ
Pañcamī amunā, amusmā, amumhā amūhi, amūbhi
Chaṭṭhī amussa amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ
Sattamī amusmiṃ, amumhi amūsu

 

Neuter forms

Case Singular Plural
Paṭhamā aduṃ, amuṃ amū, amūni
Dutiyā aduṃ, amuṃ amū, amūni
The declension of neuter pronoun ‘amu’ is similar to that of masculine pronoun ‘amu’ for Instrumental to Locative cases.

 

Feminine form

Case Singular Plural
Paṭhamā asu, amu amū, amuyo
Dutiyā amuṃ amū, amuyo
Tatiyā amuyā amūhi, amūbhi
Catutthī amuyā, amussā amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ
Pañcamī amuyā amūhi, amūbhi
Chaṭṭhī amuyā, amussā amūsaṃ, amūsānaṃ
Sattamī amuyaṃ, amussaṃ amūsu

The usage of these cases is the same as for other nouns and pronouns.

Last modified: Friday, 19 January 2024, 10:42 AM