Relative Pronouns and their Declension
Completion requirements
We have so far studied the Personal Pronouns, Demonstrative Pronouns and Interrogative Pronouns in Pali. In this Unit, we will learn in detail about the Relative Pronouns.
The relative pronoun is called as ‘ya’ and, it declines in three genders like the demonstrative and interrogative pronouns. The relative pronouns are used to relate or narrate something about persons or things (nouns).
Let us study the declension of pronoun ‘ya’ and translate some simple Pali sentences containing its declined forms.
Declension of relative pronoun ‘ya’
Masculine : yo
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Paṭhamā | yo | ye |
Dutiyā | yaṃ | ye |
Tatiyā | yena | yehi, yebhi |
Catutthī | yassa | yesaṃ, yesānaṃ |
Pañcamī | yasmā, yamhā | yehi, yebhi |
Chaṭṭhī | yassa | yesaṃ, yesānaṃ |
Sattamī | yasmiṃ, yamhi | yesu |
Neuter : yaṃ
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Paṭhamā | yaṃ | ye, yāni |
Dutiyā | yaṃ | ye, yāni |
The declension of neuter pronoun ‘ya’ is similar to that of masculine pronoun ‘ya’ for Instrumental to Locative cases. |
Feminine : yā
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Paṭhamā | yā | yā, yāyo |
Dutiyā | yaṃ | yā, yāyo |
Tatiyā | yāya | yāhi, yābhi |
Catutthī | yassā, yāya | yāsaṃ, yāsānaṃ |
Pañcamī | yāya | yāhi, yābhi |
Chaṭṭhī | yassā, yāya | yāsaṃ, yāsānaṃ |
Sattamī | yassaṃ, yāyaṃ | yāsu |
The usage of cases is the same across all the nouns, pronouns etc.
Last modified: Monday, 6 May 2024, 3:34 PM