i & ī-ending Masculine and Neuter Nouns
Declension of i-ending Masculine Nouns
i-ending Masculine Noun: muni
muni = sage, holy man
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Paṭhamā (Nominative) |
muni | munī, munayo |
| Dutiyā (Accusative) |
muniṃ | munī, munayo |
| Tatiyā (Instrumental) |
muninā | munīhi, munībhi |
| Catutthī (Dative) |
munino, munissa | munīnaṃ |
| Pañcamī (Ablative) |
muninā, munismā, munimhā | munīhi, munībhi |
| Chaṭṭhī (Genitive) |
munino, munissa | munīnaṃ |
| Sattamī (Locative) |
munismiṃ, munimhi | munisu, munīsu |
| Ālapana (Vocative) |
muni, munī | munī, munayo |
Some other i-ending masculine nouns which decline like muni are :
- isi = sage, seer;
- kavi = poet,
- giri = mountain,
- asi = sword,
- ari = enemy,
- ahi = serpent, snake;
- nidhi = (hidden) treasure,
- vidhi = form, way, method;
- aggi = fire,
- ñāti = kinsman, relative;
- pāṇi = hand, palm;
- muṭṭhi = fist, handle;
- kucchi = belly, womb;
- vīhi = paddy, rice;
- rāsi = heap, mass, quantity;
- vyādhi / byādhi = disease, sickness;
- samādhi = concentration, collectedness;
- pati = husband,
- adhipati = lord, master;
- gahapati = householder
Declension of ī-ending Masculine Nouns
ī-ending Masculine Noun: pakkhī
pakkhī = bird
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Paṭhamā (Nominative) |
pakkhī | pakkhī, pakkhino |
| Dutiyā (Accusative) |
pakkhiṃ, pakkhinaṃ | pakkhī, pakkhino |
| Tatiyā (Instrumental) |
pakkhinā | pakkhīhi, pakkhībhi |
| Catutthī (Dative) |
pakkhino, pakkhissa | pakkhīnaṃ |
| Pañcamī (Ablative) |
pakkhinā, pakkhismā, pakkhimhā | pakkhīhi, pakkhībhi |
| Chaṭṭhī (Genitive) |
pakkhino, pakkhissa | pakkhīnaṃ |
| Sattamī (Locative) |
pakkhini, pakkhismiṃ, pakkhimhi | pakkhisu, pakkhīsu |
| Ālapana (Vocative) |
pakkhi, pakkhī | pakkhī, pakkhino |
Some other ī-ending masculine nouns which decline like pakkhī are :
- karī = elephant,
- sikhī = peacock,
- mantī = minister,
- sārathī = charioteer,
- balī = powerful, strong
- sukhī = happy,
- dīghajīvī = one with a long life,
- pāpakārī = evil-doer, wicked;
- lābhī = one who receives,
- dhammavādī = one who speaks according to the law / truth / Dhamma,
- dhammacārī = one who lives in accordance with Dhamma,
- anupassī = one who views / observes / realises / contemplates;
- paṭisaṃvedī = one who experiences;
Declension of i-ending Neuter Nouns
i-ending Neuter Noun: aṭṭhi
aṭṭhi = bone, seed
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Paṭhamā (Nominative) |
aṭṭhi | aṭṭhī, aṭṭhīni |
| Dutiyā (Accusative) |
aṭṭhiṃ | aṭṭhī, aṭṭhīni |
| Ālapana (Vocative) |
aṭṭhi | aṭṭhī, aṭṭhīni |
Please note :
• The declension of i-ending neuter nouns is similar to that of i-ending the masculine noun ‘muni’ with respect to Instrumental to Locative cases.
• There are not many ī-ending neuter nouns in Pali. These nouns follow a similar declension pattern to that of i-ending neuter nouns.
Some other i-ending neuter nouns which decline like aṭṭhi are :
- dadhi = curds,
- vāri = water,
- sappi = ghee, clarified butter;
- satthi = thigh,
- akkhi = eye
- acci = flame