In Unit 6 we learnt the declension of ā-ending feminine nouns and translated some Pali sentences into English to understand the usage of various ‘cases.’

Now we will learn feminine nouns ending in vowels – i, ī, u and ū. We will study all these four types of nouns together, as they follow a common pattern of declension. We will study the declension table for each of these types, learn some new Pali words and translate a few sentences into English.

Declension of i-ending Feminine Nouns

‘i’- ending Feminine Noun: bhūmi
bhūmi = ground, earth

Case Singular Plural
Paṭhamā
(Nominative)		 bhūmi bhūmi, bhūmiyo
Dutiyā
(Accusative)		 bhūmiṃ bhūmī, bhūmiyo
Tatiyā
(Instrumental)		 bhūmiyā bhūmīhi, bhūmībhi
Catutthī
(Dative)		 bhūmiyā bhūmīnaṃ
Pañcamī
(Ablative)		 bhūmiyā bhūmīhi, bhūmībhi
Chaṭṭhī
(Genitive)		 bhūmiyā bhūmīnaṃ
Sattamī
(Locative)		 bhūmiyā, bhūmiyāṃ bhūmīsu
Ālapana
(Vocative)		 bhūmi bhūmi, bhūmīyo

Some other i-ending feminine nouns which decline like bhūmi are :

  • ratti = night
  • yuvati = young woman
  • aṅguli = finger
  • kitti = fame, glory
  • vuddhi / vuḍḍhi = increase, growth, prosperity
  • iddhi = prosperity, potency, psychic power
  • pīti = joy, delight
  • nandi = pleasure, enjoyment, delight
  • visuddhi = purity, purification, splendour
  • mutti / vimutti = liberation, freedom, release
  • bodhi = supreme knowledge, enlightenment, bodhi tree
  • khanti = patience, forbearance
  • diṭṭhi = view, belief
  • santuṭṭhi = satisfaction, contentment
  • sati = memory, mindfulness

 

Let us revise the vocabulary with the help of following activity :

Last modified: Wednesday, 10 May 2023, 12:24 PM