Exploring the Path - Pāli Course

Pali section

English translation

Notes

I

Paccayuddeso

exposition, enumeration,

indication of the condition

also called mātikā,

provides an enumeration of all the 24 conditions

II

Paccayaniddeso

analytical exposition,

explanation of the condition

serves as introduction to the 24 conditions  

III

Pucchāvāro

subchapter of seven core questions

These seven questions lay the base for the whole Paṭṭhāna, they are asked in reference to each of the conditions, to their combination, in all the seven chapters. They should be developed mentally and individually for all tikas and dukas.

They are referred to in the Pucchāvāro section.¹

IV

A

1. Paccayānulomaṃ,

Hetupaccayavāro, Ekamūlakaṃ

1. The positive Method of conditions,

Subchapter of Root-condition, By Ones

All the questions have to be applied in the ‘forward, positive’ order.

(1) Kusalapadaṃ

(2) Akusalapadaṃ

(3) Abyākatapadaṃ

(4) Kusalābyākatapadaṃ

(5) Akusalābyākatapadaṃ

(6) Kusalākusalapadaṃ

(7) Kusalākusalābyākatapadaṃ

Wholesome section

Unwholesome section

Indeterminate section

Wholesome and Indeterminate section

Unwholesome and Indeterminate section

Wholesome and Unwholesome section

Wholesome and Unwholesome and Indeterminate section

These seven respective questions are asked each in these seven sections consecutively – thus they sum up to 49 questions in respect to hetupaccayo only.

See Paṭiccavāro section²

Example

Siyā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjeyya ārammaṇapaccayā

May dependent on wholesome states by means of object condition arise wholesome phenomena? …

These 49 respective questions are combined in the same way with each of the 24 paccayā consecutively - which makes it 1176 questions, see also Pucchāvāro section

B

Dumūlakādi

Hetumūlakaṃ

By Twos / Root-condition

Example

Siyā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjeyya hetupaccayā ārammaṇapaccayā

May dependent on wholesome states by means of root condition and object condition arise wholesome phenomena? …

The next step associates hetupaccayā  with all 23 other paccayā in twofold combination.

C

Ekamūlakaṃ, dumūlakaṃ, timūlakaṃ, catumūlakaṃ, pañcamūlakaṃ, sabbamūlakaṃ asammuyhantena vitthāretabbaṃ

Here each of these questions get asked in regards to the combination of 2,3, … 23 conditions

V

2. Paccayapaccanīyaṃ

Nahetupaccayavāro

2. Negative Method of conditions

Subchapter of Non-root-condition

The same method as above in all the combinations has to be applied as follows:

first all seven questions have to be asked in regards to nahetupaccayā, then the same with all others like naārammaṇapaccayā … naadhipatipaccayā … naanantarapaccayā …

Example

Siyā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjeyya nahetupaccayā …

May dependent on wholesome states by means of non-root condition arise wholesome phenomena? …

Siyā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjeyya nahetupaccayā naārammaṇapaccayā …

May dependent on wholesome states by means of non-root condition and non-object condition arise wholesome phenomena? …

Then all non-conditions have to combined with all other non-conditions.

VI

3. Paccayānulomapaccanīyaṃ  

3. Positive - Negative Method of conditions

Example

Siyā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjeyya hetupaccayā naārammaṇapaccayā …

May dependent on wholesome states by means of root condition and non-object condition arise wholesome phenomena? …

Then all conditions have to combined with all other non-conditions.

VII

4. Paccayapaccanīyānulomaṃ

4. Negative–positive Method of conditions

Example

Siyā kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjeyya nahetupaccayā ārammaṇapaccayā …

May dependent on wholesome states by means of non-root condition and object condition arise wholesome phenomena? …

Again, all non-conditions have to be combined with all other conditions.

VIII

Kusalattikaṃ, 1. Paṭiccavāro

Paccayānulomaṃ,

a) Vibhaṅgavāro

Anulomaṃ – hetupaccayo …

Wholesome triplet, 1. Dependent chapter,

Positive method,

Explanation, classification chapter of

positive root condition

The Dependent chapter replies to all the first set of questions, provides the explanation of the positive method and highlights all the phenomena that arise by way of root-condition.

Example

Kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo dhammo uppajjati hetupaccayā – kusalaṃ ekaṃ khandhaṃ paṭicca tayo khandhā, tayo khandhe paṭicca eko khandho, dve khandhe paṭicca dve khandhā.

Kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca abyākato dhammo uppajjati hetupaccayā – kusale khandhe paṭicca cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ rūpaṃ.

Kusalaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca kusalo ca abyākato ca dhammā uppajjanti hetupaccayā – kusalaṃ ekaṃ khandhaṃ paṭicca tayo khandhā cittasamuṭṭhānañca rūpaṃ, tayo khandhe paṭicca eko khandho cittasamuṭṭhānañca rūpaṃ, dve khandhe paṭicca dve khandhā cittasamuṭṭhānañca rūpaṃ. (3)

Dependent on a wholesome state there arises a wholesome phenomenon, - dependent on any ONE of the aggregates arise three aggregates, dependent on three aggregates arises one aggregate, dependent on two aggregates arise two aggregates.

Dependent on a wholesome state arises one undetermined phenomenon by means of root-condition – dependent on a wholesome aggregate there originates consciousness and matter.

Dependent on a wholesome state arise wholesome and undetermined phenomena by means of root-condition – dependent on ONE wholesome aggregate there arise three aggregates along with consciousness and matter, dependent on three aggregates arises one aggregate along with consciousness and matter,, dependent on two aggregates arise two aggregates along with consciousness and matter. (3)

The number in brackets (3) totals the amount of possible arising phenomena.

Ārammaṇapaccayo, Adhipatipaccayo … Avigatapaccayo

the same for all the other 23 conditions

Paccayānulomaṃ,

b) Saṅkhyāvāro

Positive method, 2. Enumeration,

Calculation chapter

This chapter solely collects and enumerates the above numbers

Example

Hetuyā nava, ārammaṇe tīṇi, adhipatiyā nava, anantare tīṇi, samanantare tīṇi, sahajāte nava,….

There are nine with root, three with object, nine with predominance, three with preceding, three with immediately-preceding, nine with co-arising etc.

A given example!

2. Sahajātavāro,

Paccayānulomaṃ

Vibhaṅgavāro,

Hetupaccayo

Chapter of Co-arising

All the next six chapters likewise begin with Vibhaṅgavāro and are then followed by the Saṅkhyāvāro chapter, that solely collects and enumerates the total numbers found.

3. Paccayavāro

1. Paccayānulomaṃ

1. Vibhaṅgavāro

Hetupaccayo

Conditioned Chapter

4. Nissayavāro

1. Paccayānulomaṃ

1. Vibhaṅgavāro

Hetupaccayo

Chapter of Support

5. Saṃsaṭṭhavāro

1. Paccayānulomaṃ

1. Vibhaṅgavāro

Hetupaccayo

Chapter of Being Conjoined

6. Sampayuttavāro

1. Paccayānulomaṃ

1. Vibhaṅgavāro

Hetupaccayo

Chapter of Being Associated

7. Pañhāvāro

1. Paccayānulomaṃ

1. Vibhaṅgavāro

Hetupaccayo

Chapter of Investigation