Introduction
We have so far learnt Present and Past Participles in Pali. In this Unit we will study the Future Passive Participles.
The Future Passive Participles are formed by adding the terminations ‘tabba’ or ‘anīya’ to the verbal base or root of the verb. A connecting vowel ‘i’ can be added before the termination ‘tabba’.
These participles are translated as – should be done, fit to be done, ought to be done, etc – and they act as adjectives to various nouns.
Thus,
paca + i + tabba → pacitabba = fit to be cooked (pacati = cooks)
bhāsa + i + tabba → bhāsitabba = ought to be said / spoken (bhāsati = speaks)
passa + i + tabba → passitabba = should be seen (passati = sees)
pūje + i + tabba / anīya → pūjitabba / pūjanīya = ought to be worshipped / worthy of worship (pūjeti = worships)
gam + tabba / anīya → gantabba / gamanīya = (a place) worth going to / visiting (gacchati = goes)
dā + tabba → dātabba = fit to be given (dadāti = gives)
pā + tabba / anīya → pātabba / pānīya = fit to be drunk (pivati = drinks)
pāniya = drinking water
karoti → kātabba / karaṇīya = ought to be / should be done
The future passive participles while acting as adjectives, decline according to the gender of the nouns they modify.
Similar to the Past Participles, the masculine and neuter future passive participles are ‘a’-ending, and they decline like the nouns – buddha (m) & phala (n), while the feminine future passive participles are ‘ā’-ending, and decline like the noun latā / vanitā.
Like all the other adjectives, the future passive participles also match the nouns they modify in gender, number and case.