Let us take up a single present participle and use it as an adjective for various nouns.

From the verb carati, we get
Masc present participles : caranta / caramāna (walking, one who walks)
Fem present participles : carantī / caramānā (walking, one who walks)

The above adjectives can be used with all types of nouns i.e. nouns ending in any of the vowels or irregular nouns.

Thus,
caranto / caramāno vāṇijo = the walking merchant (merchant who is walking),
caranto / caramāno isi = the walking sage,
caranto / caramāno mantī = the walking minister,
caranto / caramāno bhikkhu = the walking monk,
caranto / caramāno vidū = the walking wise man,
caranto / caramāno rājā = the walking king,
caranto / caramāno guṇavā = the virtuous man who is walking

carantī / caramānā vanitā = the walking woman,
carantī / caramānā yuvati = the walking maiden,
carantī / caramānā brāhmaṇī = the brahmin woman who is walking,
carantī / caramānā dhenu = the walking / wandering cow,
carantī / caramānā vadhū = the walking daughter-in-law


Please Note :
In some of the above examples, the noun and the corresponding adjective (present participle) end in different vowels, and thus they decline differently. However, the noun and all its adjectives always have the same gender, number and case.


Thus,
carantena isinā saddhiṃ = with the walking sage (Masc, inst. s)
carantasmā bhikkhunā = from the walking / wandering monk (Masc, abl. s)
carantānaṃ vāṇijānaṃ = to / for the walking merchants (Masc, dat. p)
carantassa rañño = of the walking king (Masc, gen. s)
carante guṇavati = in / on / upon the walking virtuous man (Masc, loc. s)

carantiṃ vanitaṃ = to the walking woman (Fem, acc. s)
caramānāya dhenuyā = for the walking cow (Fem, dat. s)
caramānāhi yuvatīhi = with the walking maidens (Fem, inst. p)

Please Note :

• One of the very important declined form of present participles (Masculine) is that similar to
gacchaṃ (Masc, nom. s)
gacchaṃ = going (one who goes)
Similarly,
jānaṃ = knowing (one who knows)
passaṃ = seeing (one who sees)

We come across these declined forms quite frequently in the suttas.

arahati (v) = deserves, is worthy of
Present Participle from arahati = arahanta
It’s Masc nominative singular form arahaṃ = the worthy one, is a commonly used epithet of the Buddha

Last modified: Sunday, 11 February 2024, 12:43 PM